What are nail matrix cells responsible for?

Nail matrix cells are essential for the growth and formation of nails. Located at the base of the nail, just under the cuticle, the nail matrix is responsible for producing new nail cells. These cells undergo a process called keratinization, where they become hard and compact, contributing to the structure and length of the nail as it grows outwards. As new cells are generated, they push older cells forward, resulting in the visible extension of the nail.

This process is crucial as it determines not only the growth rate of the nails but also the health and integrity of the nails themselves. The nail matrix is often compared to the root of a hair, as both are sites where growth begins. Understanding this function highlights the significance of the nail matrix in nail care and health, making it clear why the correct answer pertains to growth and formation.