What is the function of the stratum corneum?

The stratum corneum is the outermost layer of the epidermis and plays a crucial role in the overall function of the skin. Its primary purpose is to act as a protective barrier, safeguarding the underlying tissues from various external factors like pathogens, chemicals, and environmental damage. This layer consists of dead, flattened keratinocytes that are rich in keratin, a fibrous protein that provides resilience and fortitude, helping to prevent water loss and shield against infection.

The other functions mentioned, such as producing new skin cells, absorbing moisture, and regulating temperature, are associated with different parts of the skin. For instance, new skin cells are generated in the stratum basale, the deeper layer of the epidermis. Moisture absorption is primarily facilitated by deeper layers of the skin and not the stratum corneum, which essentially limits moisture loss rather than absorbing it. Temperature regulation is largely managed through mechanisms involving blood flow and sweat glands, not specifically through the action of the stratum corneum. Therefore, the function of the stratum corneum as a protective barrier to the underlying tissues is pivotal for maintaining skin integrity and overall health.