What is the primary cell type found in the epidermis?

The primary cell type found in the epidermis is the keratinocyte. These cells play a crucial role in the structure and function of the skin. Keratinocytes are responsible for the production of keratin, a fibrous protein that forms a protective barrier on the skin's surface. This protein is essential for the skin's integrity, waterproofing, and protection against environmental damage, such as pathogens and UV radiation.

As keratinocytes migrate from the deeper layers of the epidermis to the surface, they undergo a process known as keratinization, where they become flattened and lose their nuclei, ultimately forming the stratum corneum. This layer consists of dead, keratinized cells that provide a tough barrier.

While melanocytes are responsible for producing melanin and contribute to skin pigmentation, they constitute a much smaller percentage of the epidermis compared to keratinocytes. Fibroblasts are primarily found in the dermis, not the epidermis, and play a role in producing connective tissue. Langerhans cells are part of the immune system and help detect pathogens but are also present in much lower numbers.